Grumman Shuttle Training Aircraft (STA)

Pilot astronauts also use a modified Grumman Gulfstream II, known as
the Shuttle Training Aircraft (STA), which is configured to simulate the handling characteristics of the orbiter. It is
used extensively for landing practice, particularly at the Ames-Dryden Flight Research Facility (DFRF) in California
and at KSC's Shuttle Landing Facility.